We shall establish if trial-by-trial learning during acquisition can predict the subsequent efficacy of EL.Ĥ. Attention: We will explore to what extent attention determines efficacy of EL and renewal. We shall clarify to what extent this differs from brain connectivity during renewal or acquisition.ģ. Connectivity: Using fMRI we shall identify the functional connectome of appetitive EL. We shall investigate if short intervals between acquisition and EL promote generalization of learned experience.Ģ. Neuroanatomical substrates: We shall explore the extent to which brain regions and neuronal subcompartments, that engage in acquisition, EL and retrieval, overlap. By conducting simultaneous EEG and 7T fMRI recordings during an integrated fear acquisition, avoidance, and extinction paradigm, we will investigate how the neural correlates of avoidance behavior influence the neurocognitive processes during subsequent extinction learning.ġ. Avoidance after fear acquisition may impair subsequent extinction, but the neural mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon are largely unknown in the human brain. I nvestigating the physiological foundations of avoidance behavior. We will relate EEG oscillations at different frequencies to layer-resolved fMRI activity and connectivity.Ĥ. All experiments will be conducted via simultaneous EEG and 7T fMRI recordings in order to unravel the electrophysiological origins of fMRI connectivity. Electrophysiological basis of extinction network interactions. We will use laminar 7T recordings in order to disentangle feedforward and feedback connectivity.ģ. Successful extinction learning is highly dependent on the interaction between core regions of the extinction network. Imaging feedforward and feedback interactions within the human extinction network. ![]() We will examine if interindividual differences in fear and extinction learning can be predicted by different measures of brain microstructure and functional network connectivity at an unprecedented spatial resolution.Ģ. Predicting inter-individual learning differences using 7T fMRI and DTI recordings. Across the SFB funding periods, A02 aims to dissect neural representations and the mechanisms that are responsible for their transformation from the level of single cells, oscillations, and cell layers to large-scale brain networks.ġ. Our overall goal: Understanding the representational structures of extinction learning. We will embed active avoidance techniques in the conditioned trauma-film paradigm and elucidate their impact on the representational structure of intrusive memories, predictive cues, and trauma contexts.ĥ. Revealing how active avoidance impairs the extinction of intrusive memories. Characterizing the specific representational features of intrusive memories and differentiating bottom-up and top-down interactions by laminar 7T recordings.Ĥ. Assessing the role of cue and context generalization for the formation and extinction of intrusive memories.ģ. We will establish a novel conditioned trauma-film paradigm that allows investigating the acquisition and extinction of intrusive memories in an MRI scanner.Ģ. Maximizing the ecological validity of human fear and extinction learning research. We can thus visualize long-term learning related changes at the systems level by analyzing BOLD-responses as well as changes of functional connectivity.ġ. Pigeons will extinguish their learned responses to specific cues in a 7T-scanner under context-specific conditions. Thus, we aim to reveal causal interactions within and between different key areas of the extinction network.ĥ. By using optogenetic tools, we will be able to intervene into specific system components. Single unit properties as well as the resulting population code will be the focus of the analyses to reveal the underlying coding schemes.Ĥ. ![]() We will record single cells from the pigeon’s visual forebrain during extinction learning. Recording neurons during extinction learning. By using single cell recordings in different forebrain areas and by employing imaging in task performing pigeons at high magnetic field strengths, we are able to track neural changes with different time frames during extinction learning at the cellular and the systems level.ģ. We plan to study the neural fundaments of extinction of appetitive discrimination in pigeons in a design that permits to analyze the neural events governing acquisition, extinction and renewal along the full time-frame (the 4th dimension).Ģ. Extinction learning in the 4th dimension.
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